Risk Factors of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Working Area of Kotaraja Public Health Center of Jayapura City, Papua Province

Background: Tuberculosis is still a major problem in the health of the Indonesian people. Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The main symptom is coughing for 3 weeks or more. It is estimated that the number of Tuberculosis patients in Indonesia is around 10% of the total number of Tuberculosis patients in the world. Indonesia is ranked second after India with the highest incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the world. Research Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Kotaraja Public Health Center of Jayapura City, Papua Province. Research method: The research method used in this study was observational analytic with a case control study approach. A sample of 66 people consisted of 22 people with a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis as a case and 44 people who were not sick with pulmonary tuberculosis as a control. The study was conducted in October 2018. Statistical tests used in this study were univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. Data obtained using questionnaires and interviews. Results: Bivariate analysis showed several risk factors affecting the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Kotaraja Public Health Center of Jayapura City were age (p = 0.040; OR = 0.175; 95% CI = 0.036-0,848), occupation (p = 0.012; OR = 0.214; 95% CI = 0.070-0,688), history of pulmonary TB in the family (p = 0,000; OR = 13,571; 95% CI = 3,438-53,568), smoking habits (p = 0,008; OR = 4,911; 95% CI = 1,628–14,817), and alcohol drinking habits (p = 0,001; OR = 7,268; 95% CI = 2,328–22,805), while gender (p = 0.136; OR = 0.396; 95% CI = 0.139-1129), education level (p = 1,000; OR = 0.908; 95% CI = 0.315-2619), knowledge (p = 0.057; OR = 0.267 ); 95% CI = 0.078-0,917), and history of DM (p = 0.869; OR = 0.476; 95% CI = 0.050-4.536) were not influencing to the incidence of pulmonary Tuberculosis. The dominant risk factors were the history TB in the family, smoking habits, alcohol drinking habits, occupation, and age.