Prevention of HIV and Prevention of Infection in PLWH

This chapter is about the prevention of HIV and the prevention of opportunistic infections in people living with HIV/AIDs (PLWH). It covers treatment as prevention (TasP), HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) (including indications, initial assessment, and contraindications to PrEP), HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) (including estimating risk of transmission, timing of PEP initiation, counseling at time of PEP evaluation, and overlap of PEP and PrEP), <italic>Mycobacterium</italic> tuberculosis (MTB), infections due to bacteria, <italic>Treponema pallidum</italic> (syphilis), infections due to viruses, human papilloma virus (HPV), influenza A and B, JC polyomavirus (JCV), cryptosporidiosis, mycobacterium avium complex infection, and <italic>Pneumocystis jiroveci</italic> (formerly <italic>Pneumocystis carinii</italic>) pneumonia.