Lowering InterLeukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Concentrations After TB Treatment Onset

Despite marked improvements in the diagnosis of tuberculosis there are difficulties in diagnosing and monitoring treatment outcome among TB patients. The use of immunological biomarkers alone or in combination with other clinical parameters could predict early the response to TB treatment. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) concentrations significantly decrease within two weeks following TB treatment initiation in adults with active documented TB.

The HIV/AIDS epidemic and Tuberculosis (TB) remain important challenges for global public health and are strongly linked. Despite marked improvements in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, there are difficulties in diagnosing and monitoring treatment outcome among TB patients. The use of immunological biomarkers alone or in combination with other clinical parameters could better predict the response to TB treatment. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) concentrations significantly decrease within two weeks following TB treatment initiation in adults with active documented TB. This is a proof-of-concept study, among 100 patients (50 HIV positive and 50 HIV negative) with documented active TB, in Cambodge and Côte d'Ivoire. Patients recruited for this study will receive the standard TB treatment per their respective national treatment guidelines. Plasma samples will be collected at baseline (initiation of TB treatment), weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8 to measure IL-1Ra, sCD163 and IP-10.