Clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese pediatric patients with chronic granulomatous disease

Background Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare disease in China, and very little large-scale studies have been conducted to date. We aimed to investigate the clinical and genetic features of CGD in Chinese pediatric patients. Methods Pediatric patients with CGD from Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, China, were enrolled from January 2006 to December 2016. Results A total of 159 pediatric patients with CGD were enrolled. The median age of clinical onset was 1.4 months, and 73% (116/159) had clinical onset symptoms before the 1 year of age. The most common site of invasion was the lungs. The lymph nodes, liver, and skin were more frequently invaded in X-linked (XL) CGD patients than in autosomal recessive (AR) CGD patients (P Conclusions Chronic granulomatous disease is a rare disease affecting Chinese children; however, it is often diagnosed at a later age, and thus, the mortality rate is relatively high. The prevalence and the severity of disease in XL-CGD are higher than AR-CGD.