The relationship between <i>emb</i>b306 and <i>emb</i>b406 mutations and ethambutol resistant in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> isolated from patiens in west of Iran

Background: Mutations in emb B gene have been reported in ethambutol (EMB) resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M. tuberculosis ) isolates. The aim of this study was survey on emb B 306 and 406 EMB resistant M. tuberculosis isolated from patients in West of Iran (2014-2015). Methods: Fifty strains of M. tuberculosis from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) were considered. Drug susceptibility using proportional method was performed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -DNA sequencing was applied for mutation in emb B 306 and 406 codon detection. Data were analyzed in SPSS 16 software using descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test (p Results: In this study 7 (14%) M. tuberculosis isolates were resistant to EMB. 6 (85.71%) and 1 (14.28%) resistant isolates had emb B 306 and 304 codon mutations, respectively. Between embB306 mutations and resistance to EMB and MDR isolates had a significant relationship (p Conclusion: The data indicated that emb B 306 mutations have effect on EMB resistant. Detection of EMB resistant and these mutations prominent for antibiotic prescription.